Table 2 Logistic regression analysis of clinical features for the risk of RVO in the development dataset

Age (year, per 1 unit increase)

1.06 (1.04–1.08)

< 0.001

1.06 (1.03–1.08)

< 0.001

Sex, female

0.95 (0.62–1.44)

0.810

BMI (kg/m², per 1 unit increase)

1.04 (0.98–1.10)

0.198

Household income

   Very low

Reference

   Low

0.55 (0.32–0.94)

0.029

   Moderate

0.44 (0.25–0.78)

0.005

   High

0.34 (0.19–0.62)

< 0.001

Current smoker (%)

1.02 (0.58–1.78)

0.934

1.42 (0.78–2.57)

0.252

Alcohol, ≥ 1 drink/week (%)

0.67 (0.43–1.05)

0.081

Blood pressure

SBP (mmHg, per 1 unit increase)

1.03 (1.01–1.04)

< 0.001

DBP (mmHg, per 1 unit increase)

1.02 (0.99–1.04)

0.147

1.03 (1.01–1.05)

0.004

Hypertension

4.07 (2.65–6.25)

< 0.001

2.78 (1.74–4.44)

< 0.001

Diabetes mellitus

0.79 (0.39–1.57)

0.505

0.47 (0.23–0.95)

0.036

Dyslipidemia

1.49 (0.95–2.35)

0.082

Stroke

2.95 (1.18–7.33)

0.020

Heart disease

2.16 (0.94–4.98)

0.069

Osteoarthritis

1.31 (0.76–2.25)

0.327

Osteoporosis

2.15 (1.21–3.82)

0.009

Fasting glucose (mg/dL, per 1 unit increase)

0.99 (0.98–1.01)

0.630

Total cholesterol (mg/dL, per 1 unit increase)

0.99 (0.98-1.00)

0.051

Triglyceride (mg/dL, per 1 unit increase)

0.99 (0.99-1.00)

0.226

0.99 (0.99-1.00)

0.088

AST (IU/L, per 1 unit increase)

0.99 (0.98–1.02)

0.868

ALT (IU/L, per 1 unit increase)

0.99 (0.98–1.01)

0.459

Creatinine (mg/dL, per 1 unit increase)

1.37 (0.95–1.98)

0.096

WBC (10³cells/µL, per 1 unit increase)

1.12 (1.01–1.25)

0.039

1.10 (0.98–1.23)

0.117

Hemoglobin (mg/dL, per 1 unit increase)

1.00 (0.87–1.14)

0.999

Platelet (10⁹/L, per 1 unit increase)

0.99 (0.99-1.00)

0.224