Fig. 3

Research questions (RQs) and a tentative model illustrating the influence of iOCT on patient outcomes. The model comprises four elemental blocks: 1) intervention of surgeons, 2) iOCT-aided retinal surgery, 3) intraoperative events, and 4) patient outcomes. RQ1 investigates the positive factors in intraoperative events that influence patient outcomes, while RQ2 examines the negative factors arising from intraoperative events. Based on the identified themes, we developed appropriate responses to these RQs