Fig. 1

a Forest Plot of Odds Ratios with 95% CI (Log Scale). b Forest Plot of Odds Ratios with 95% CI (Log Scale). The odds ratios (ORs) presented in Figure. 1 were derived from a logistic regression model where all variables were mutually adjusted. This means that the ORs account for the influence of all other variables included in the model. For example, the OR for age reflects the effect of age on emergency severity while controlling for other factors such as gender, vital signs, and medical history. This mutual adjustment allows for a more accurate estimation of the individual contribution of each variable to the prediction of emergency severity, minimizing potential confounding effects