Table 3 Clinical features of 791 NEC infants

Gender (male/female)

314/220

149/108

0.825

Birth weight, (\(\:\stackrel{-}{\varvec{x}}\)±s, g)

2466.26 ± 770.23

2089.97 ± 804.88

<0.001

Gestational age, (\(\:\stackrel{-}{\varvec{x}}\)±s, w)

36.12 ± 3.24

34.07 ± 3.72

<0.001

Arterial blood gas analysis

PaO2, [M(P₂₅, P₇₅), mmHg]

79(65,93)

91(73,133)

<0.001

ABE, [M(P₂₅, P₇₅), mmol//L]

-1.9(-4.4,0.4)

-2.1(-4.8,0)

0.002

HCO₃⁻, [M(P₂₅, P₇₅), mmol//L]

22.4(20.6,25.2)

22.6(20.5,25.4)

0.419

_PH, M(P₂₅, P₇₅)

7.42(7.36,7.47)

7.38(7.30,7.45)

<0.001

PaCO₂, [M(P₂₅, P₇₅), mmHg]

36(30,41)

40(33,48)

<0.001

Lactic acid, [M(P₂₅, P₇₅), mmol//L]

1.9(1.3,2.8)

1.4(0.9,2.1)

<0.001

Blood test

WBC, [M(P₂₅, P₇₅), 10^{^}12/L]

11.6(9.1,14.5)

10.9(7.6,14.9)

0.013

Percentage of eosinophils,

[M(P₂₅, P₇₅), %]

3.0(1.0,5.0)

4.0(2.0,7.7)

<0.001

PLT, [M(P₂₅, P₇₅), 10^{^}9/L]

366(258,476)

258(169,380)

<0.001

Absolute value of neutrophil,

[M(P₂₅, P₇₅), 10^{^}9/L]

4.9(3.4,7.2)

5.3(3.2,8.0)

0.151

I/T, [M(P₂₅, P₇₅), %]

6.1(4.4,8.0)

7.1(4.5,12.8)

<0.001

Percentage of neutrophil, [M(P₂₅, P₇₅), %]

45(35,57)

52(41,63)

<0.001

CRP, [M(P₂₅, P₇₅), mg/dl]

8(8,8)

8(8,21)

<0.001

PCT, [M(P₂₅, P₇₅), ng/ml]

0.21(0.12,0.81)

0.46(0.18,3.53)

<0.001

Stool routine

Fecal leukocytes, [M(P₂₅, P₇₅), /HP]

1(0,2)

3(1,4)

<0.001

Fecal RBC, [M(P₂₅, P₇₅), /HP]

1(0,2)

1(0,2)

<0.001

OB+, n(%)

0(0,1)

1(0,1)

<0.001

Abdominal ultrasound

Bowel dilation, n(%)

168/534(31.5)

69/257(26.8)

0.185

Intestinal pneumatosis, n(%)

49/534(9.2)

35/257(13.3)

0.058

Thickening of the bowel wall, n(%)

62/534(11.6)

43/257(16.7)

0.047

Portal venous gas, n(%)

135/534(25.3)

53/257(20.6)

0.149

Intra-abdominal fluid accumulation, n(%)

143/534(26.8)

116/257(45.1)

<0.001

Pneumoperitoneum, n(%)

4/534(0.0)

11/257(4.3)

<0.001

Abdominal radiograph

Intestinal dilation, n(%)

452/534(84.6)

202/257(78.6)

0.035

Widening of the interloop space, n(%)

170/534(31.8)

77/257(30.0)

0.594

Intestinal pneumatosis, n(%)

240/534(44.9)

100/257(38.9)

0.108

Portal venous gas, n(%)

36/534(6.8)

41/257(16.0)

<0.001

Pneumoperitoneum, n(%)

0/534(0.0)

22/257(8.6)

<0.001