Your privacy, your choice

We use essential cookies to make sure the site can function. We also use optional cookies for advertising, personalisation of content, usage analysis, and social media.

By accepting optional cookies, you consent to the processing of your personal data - including transfers to third parties. Some third parties are outside of the European Economic Area, with varying standards of data protection.

See our privacy policy for more information on the use of your personal data.

for further information and to change your choices.

Skip to main content

Table 4 A comparison of the Likert, modified DISCERN, GQS and FRES scores of four different chatbots

From: Can artificial intelligence models serve as patient information consultants in orthodontics?

  

ChatGPT-3.5

ChatGPT-4

Gemini

Copilot

p

Likert Score

mean ± SD

4.15 ± 0.75

4.5 ± 0.61

4.1 ± 0.72

4.35 ± 0.81

0.259‡

median (IQR)

4 (4-5)

5 (4-5)

4 (4-5)

5 (4-5)

Modified DISCERN Score

mean ± SD

18.65 ± 2.25

19.7 ± 2.15

21.1 ± 2.63

25.4 ± 3.39

0.0001

GQS Score

mean ± SD

3.5 ± 0.61

3.8 ± 0.62

3.95 ± 0.69

4.4 ± 0.68

0.001

median (IQR)

3 (3-4)

4 (3-4)

4 (3,25 − 4)

4,5 (4-5)

Flesch Reading Ease Score

mean ± SD

38.39 ± 11.56

43.88 ± 10.13

54.12 ± 10.27

41.72 ± 10.74

0.0001

  1. †ANOVA, ‡Kruskal–Wallis analysis